Статья «Человек и его жизненные миры»

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Академия переподготовки работников искусства, культуры и туризма
Доктор философских наук

Academy for Retraining in Arts, Culture and Tourism
Doctor of Philosophy

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Статья посвящена одной из наиболее сложных, загадочных и слабо изученных проблем философии ХХ века- проблеме жизненного мира. Человек всегда живёт в мире- природном, социальном, культурном. Но мир для него- не «объективная реальность», а реальность жизненная, освоенная, соразмерная с ним. Такой мир не может быть предметом естествознания, – он есть предмет феноменологии. Концепт жизненного мира играет важную роль в исследованиях «структур повседневности», «обыденного мира» и т. п. Изучение проблемы жизненных миров имеет непосредственное отношение к вопросам психологии, педагогики, социологии, истории, теории личности и сознания.

The article is devoted to one of the most difficult and poorly studied problems of the philosophy of the twentieth century- the problem of the life-world. Man has always lived in the world- natural, social and cultural. But the world for him is not the "objective reality" but the reality of life, mastered, commensurate with him. This world cannot be the subject of natural science- it is the subject of phenomenology. The article highlights, justifies and describes the lifeworld characteristics such as integrity, structure, constitution, relativity, typification, idealization, and historicity. The phenomenological approach leads the author to the following theoretically important conclusions: being cannot be opposed to consciousness, for consciousness, like all things, of course, has special existential characteristics that differ from the "isness" of the natural world, and from the "isness "of the ideal "world". We look at the world through our experience and that is it that determines how we see the reality. Life world is that is the position of a disinterested observer and a kind of idealization also. Life world- this is the real horizon, and the permanent coulisse of everyday communication, everyday experience of people. We are not able to choose the life world and reshape it as it pleases us. We can modify it from within, to restructure it, changing at the same time for ourselves. The possibilities are rooted in the restructuring of the diversity of experience, but experience is limited my existence- physical and speech, and the overcoming of these limits will inevitably lead to the removal, suppression of existence itself.

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Введение Жизненный мир – это не...

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Человек
феноменология
жизненный мир
конституирование
горизонт
интерсубъективность
историчность

Man
phenomenology
world
institutionalization
horizon
intersubjectivity
historicity