Аннотация / Abstract |
[RUS]
В статье представлены основные теории развития психосоматических соотношений, необходимые для понимания генеза как психосоматических расстройств, так и соматоформных психических реакций. Рассматривается линейная модель, уровни органического поражения при психосоматических расстройствах, факторы риска психосоматической парадигмы, структура психосоматических соотношений. Вводятся понятия «личностной защищённости», «замкнутого круга», «внутренней картины болезни». Как итог, выносятся основные актуальные вопросы психосоматической медицины.
[ENG]
Studies conducted in the field of somatocentric paradigm mainly focused on studying quiet limited range of mental disorders (symptomatic psychoses). For example, the concept of "exogenous type of psychiatric reactions" as a psychophysiological mechanism of disorder emergence considers the effect of somatic hazard on the brain that causes the manifestations of certain strictly limited set of psychopathological syndromes.
For the time being there are contradictions in understanding of origins and nature of psychosomatic disorders as such (i.e. symptoms of illness under the influence of social and psychological factors), as well as somatoform mental disorders (i.e. mental disorders in the field of "somatopsyche" connected with awareness and experience of person's own corporeity).
The most questionable judgments concern the range and limits of organic, somatogenic, somatoform, hypochondriac, hysteric, affective and schizotypal disorders. There is often a lack of complete description of somatic pathology (extensive diagnosis, severity exponents, stage of disease etc.) for the comparative analysis.
Further comprehensive conceptual study of organogenesis of mental and somatic disorders (naturally with the psychogenesis) could radically change the current understanding of physical and mental relations; enable a new way to approach the issue of the classification of psychosomatic disorders in a more objective manner. The current issue is the issue of comorbidity of mental and physical disorders.
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Ссылки / References |
[RUS]
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[ENG]
- Aleksander, F. (2009), Psychosomatic Medicine (principles and application) [Psikhosomaticheskaya meditsina (printsipy i primenenie)], EKSMO-Press, Moscow, 352 p.
- Brüne, M., Belsky, J., Fabrega, H. (2012), "The crisis of psychiatry – insights and prospects from evolutionary theory", World Psych., No. 11(1), pp. 55-57.
- Cloninger, C.R., Cloninger, K.M. (2011), "Person-centered therapeutics", Internat. Jour. of Person-centered Med, No. 1, pp. 43-52.
- Creed, F. (2006), "Should general psychiatry ignore somatization and hypochondriasis?", World Psych, No. 5(3), Pp. 146-150.
- Erlich, H.S. (2003), "Experience – What Is It?", Int. Jour. of Psychoan, No. 84 (5), pp. 1127-1247.
- Fain, M. (1966), "Régression et psychosomatique", Revue française de psychanalyse, No 4, pp. 451-456.
- Feldmann, C.T., Bensing, J.M. (2007), "Worries are the mother of many diseases: general practitioners and refugees in the Netherlands on stress, being ill and prejudice", Patient Educ. Couns, No. 3(65), pp. 369-380.
- Ferenczi, S., Rickman, J. (1952), Actual and psycho-neuroses in the light of Freud's investigations and psychoanalysis. Father Contributions to the Theory and Technique of Psychoanalysis, Basic Books, New York, 360 p.
- Freud, S. (1968), "Deuil et mélancholie (1917)", Métapsychologie, Gallimard, Paris, pp. 147-446.
- Golovina, A. G. (2011), "Some aspects of psychosomatic relations of adolescents with phobic disorders" ["Nekotorye aspekty psikhosomaticheskikh sootnoshenii u podrostkov s fobicheskimi rasstroistvami"], Psikh. rasstr. v obshch. med., No. 2, pp. 18-23.
- Grassi, L., Mangelli, L., Fava, G.A. (2007), "Psychosomatic characterization of adjustment disorders in the medical setting: some suggestions for DSM-V", Jour. Affect. Disord, No. 1-3 (101), pp. 251-254.
- Green, A. (1993), Le travail du negatif, De Minuit, Paris, 398 p.
- Grigor'eva, E.A., Khokhlov, L.K. (2011), "On the problem of psychosomatic and somatopsychic relations" ["K probleme psikhosomaticheskikh, somatopsikhicheskikh otnoshenii"], Obozr. psikhiatr. i med. psikhol., No. 2, pp. 30-34.
- Himelhoch, S., Weller, W.E., Wu, A.W. (2004), "Chronic Medical Illness, Depression, and Use of Acute Medical Services Among Medicare Beneficiaries", Medical Care, No. 6(42), pp. 512-521.
- Klein, M. (1967), "Contribution à l'étude de la psychogenèse des états maniaco-dépressifs (1934): Le deuil et ses rapports avec les états maniaco-dépressifs", Essais de psychanalyse, Payot, Paris, pp. 311-369.
- Lacey, J.I. (1967), "Somatic response patterning and stress: some revisions of activation theory", Psychological Stress: Issues in Research, Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, pp. 14-44.
- Löwe, B., Spitzer, R.L., Williams, J.B. (2008), "Depression, anxiety and somatization in primary care: syndrome overlap and functional impairment", Gen Hosp Psychiatry, No. 30 (3), pp. 191-199.
- Luriya, A.R. (1977), Internal picture of disease and iatrogenic illnesses [Vnutrennyaya kartina boleznei i yatrogennye zabolevaniya], Meditsina, Moscow, 112 p.
- Marty, P. (1980), Les mouvements individuels de vie et de mort. Vol. 2: L'Ordre psychosomatique, Payot, Paris, 92 p.
- Muller, J.E., Wentzel, I., Nel, D.G. (2008), "Depression and anxiety in multisomatoform disorder: prevalence and clinical predictors in primary care", South Afr. Med. Jour, No. 6(98), pp. 473-476.
- Smadja, C. (2001), La vie opératoire, P.U.F., Paris, 272 p.
- Smadja, C. (2008) Les modèles psychanalitiques de la psychosomatique, P.U.F., Paris, 241 p.
- Smulevich, A.B., Dubnitskaya, E.B (2010), "Depressions in general medical network" ["Depressii v obshchemeditsinskoi seti"], Psikh. rasstroistva v obshch. med., No. 1, pp. 4-13.
- Spitz, R.-A. (1953), La premiere annee de la vie de l'enfant, P.U.F., Paris, pp. 119-121.
- Valabrega, J.-P. (1965), "Introduction du concept de conversion psychosomatique dans la nosographie et la theorie psychanalytiques", Rivista sperim. Freniatr, No. 1 (89), pp. 148-166.
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